What are the causes of hematuria?

Presence of red blood cells in urine is known as hematuria. It can be due to many causes such as:

  1. Exercise
  2. Abdominal trauma
  3. Abdominal/Pelvic surgery
  4. Catheters
  5. Foreign body 
  6. Renal trauma
  7. Bladder trauma 
  8. Ureteral trauma
  9. Torture
  10. Sexual abuse
  11. Cancers (25-30% of adults having hematuria have malignant neoplasms)
  12. Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder
  13. Urinary tract infections
  14. Radiation nephritis
  15. Radiation cystitis 
  16. Tubulointerstitial nephritis (Acute and Chronic)
  17. Goodpasture disease
  18. IgA nephropathy
  19. Renal tumors
  20. Benign tumors
  21. Endometriosis in urinary system
  22. Nephritis due to SLE
  23. Henoch-Schönlein purpura
  24. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
  25. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
  26. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
  27. Wegener granulomatosis
  28. Endocarditis
  29. Visceral organs abscesses
  30. Schistosomiasis
  31. Hypercalciuria
  32. Polycystic kidney disease
  33. Renal cyst
  34. Thin basement menbrane nephropathy
  35. Tuberculsis
  36. Syphilis
  37. Alport syndrome
  38. Fabry disease
  39. Nail-patella syndrome
  40. Renal tubular acidosis type 1
  41. Hemophilia and other bleeding disorders
  42. Sickle cell anemia
  43. Hemangioma
  44. Arteriovenous malformations
  45. Nutcracker syndrome
  46. Renal artery/vein thrombosis
  47. Thromboembolism in renal vessels
  48. Analgesics
  49. Oral contraceptives
  50. Aminoglycosides
  51. Cyclosporine
  52. Chinese herbs
  53. Urethral valve strictures
  54. Hydronephrosis
  55. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
  56. Stent after ureteral stone removal operation by ureteroscope

By Doctor
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